Internationale ontwikkelingen op onderzeebootgebied.

[jurrien visser (JuVi op Twitter)]

Ja dit kan een zeer interessante combinatie zijn voor zowel de KM als voor de RCN. De Canadezen hebben net als onze marine de voorkeur voor Amerikaanse (onderzeeboot) wapens.
In het laatste ''officiele'' document van de RCN rondom onderzeeboten sprak men van 12 onderzeeboten ( 6 voor de atlantische & 6 voor de grote oceaan) dat aantal is wat mij betreft een prachtig streven maar niet echt haalbaar. Ik ga er vanuit dat de Canadezen uit gaan komen op een behoefte van 6 tot 8 onderzeeboten. Op het moment dat ze (1 op 1) aansluiten bij onze vWalrus kan dit een grote schaal korting opleveren voor beide landen. Ook onze marine zou behoefte hebben aan 6 boten maar dat zie ik helemaal niet snel gebeuren.

Het is een kans voor Nederland, het biedt een samenwerkingsmogelijkheid voor beide landen of voor Canada een boot van de plank.

Canadese wensen en eisen zijn vergelijkbaar met die van Nederland, we halen er slechts maximaal voordeel uit als Nederland de knoop door hakt voor Saab-Damen. Kiest Nederland voor een Franse of Duitse oplossing en de Canadese zouden deze volgen dan heeft dit slechts een positieve invloed op de exploitatie van het nieuwe model en/of een reductie in aanschafprijs (afhankelijk van het tijdstip van de keuze).

[Parera]

A Canadian Patrol Submarine: What are the Options?

"the submarine design the Dutch select for the replacement of their four Walrus-class submarines
should beof particular interest to Canada".

https://www.navalassoc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Jolin-Submarines.pdf

Ja dit kan een zeer interessante combinatie zijn voor zowel de KM als voor de RCN. De Canadezen hebben net als onze marine de voorkeur voor Amerikaanse (onderzeeboot) wapens.
In het laatste ''officiele'' document van de RCN rondom onderzeeboten sprak men van 12 onderzeeboten ( 6 voor de atlantische & 6 voor de grote oceaan) dat aantal is wat mij betreft een prachtig streven maar niet echt haalbaar. Ik ga er vanuit dat de Canadezen uit gaan komen op een behoefte van 6 tot 8 onderzeeboten. Op het moment dat ze (1 op 1) aansluiten bij onze vWalrus kan dit een grote schaal korting opleveren voor beide landen. Ook onze marine zou behoefte hebben aan 6 boten maar dat zie ik helemaal niet snel gebeuren.

[jurrien visser (JuVi op Twitter)]

A Canadian Patrol Submarine: What are the Options?

"the submarine design the Dutch select for the replacement of their four Walrus-class submarines
should beof particular interest to Canada".

https://www.navalassoc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Jolin-Submarines.pdf

[Huzaar1]

South China Sea: experts still in dark over what smashed into US submarine


USS Connecticut photographed moored in Guam with part of its nose removed, suggesting head-on collision with object, experts say
The submarine's location the day after the incident means it could have suffered the damage near the Paracel Islands, they say

Voor volledige artikel zie:

https://www.scmp.com/news/china/military/article/3154158/south-china-sea-experts-still-dark-over-what-smashed-us

Volledige artikel niet zichtbaar maar er schijnt een foto te zijn gemaakt van de sub die heel wat mist.

[Mourning]

Zeker, zeker. Aan de andere kant ze maakten wel actief onderdeel uit van de Australische tender en werden voor vrijwel het hele proces gezien als de gedoodverfde winnaar.

[Mourning]

Wordt zeker een interessante competitie.
Opvallend dat de AMUR wordt aangeboden, die het tot nu toe altijd aflegt tegen de Kilo. De Kilo is qua formaat ook meer gelijk met de andere aanbieders.

Dat is natuurlijk wel een sterk verkoop argument. Al werken de Russen (naar verluid) met de Kalina ook aan AIP, dus mogelijk dat de AMUR en Kalina dan meer op elkaar gaan lijken.

Ik vind het eigenlijk wel opvallend dat bijv. een Japan niet veel harder aan de weg aan het timmeren is met bijv. een verbeterde Soryu of iets van dien orde.

[ARM-WAP]

The 4 Submarines Competing For The Indian Navy's P-75I Program

Gaat interessant worden:
Het verworpen project van de Fransen tegen dat van de Spanjaarden...
Een vertrouwde Rus die hoogstwaarschijnlijk niet veel technologische vernieuwing brengt...
En een Koreaan.

[ARM-WAP]

The 4 Submarines Competing For The Indian Navy's P-75I Program
The Indian Navy's P-75I submarines will be larger and much more potent than the Kalvari Class now entering service. They will be the bedrock of India's submarine fleet at a time when the strategic focus is leaning towards China as well as the traditional adversary, Pakistan. There are 4 contenders.

They are currently submitting design proposals to the Indian Government. Whatever the outcome the boats are expected to all be built in India. So the deal will factor in political and industrial considerations as well as naval requirements.

The four contenders are the Barracuda from France, the S-80-Plus from Spain, DSME-3000 from South Korea and Amur design from Russia. Germany had also been a contender but recently said that they dropped out.

All of the contenders have their merits and it is likely to be a tough choice for the Indian Navy. Below we outline the different designs.

The Indian Navy's detailed requirements have not been shared. Based on reports and analysis of their current capabilities, investments and threat focuses, two things seem sure. The first is that P75I will have AIP (air independent power). The second is that they would prefer a VLS to launch Brahmos anti-ship missiles. Taken together, the P75I will have to be much larger than previous Indian navy conventional submarines.

Both the AIP and VLS will present challenges and difficult decisions. Like all major submarine projects, trade-offs will have to get made. India has developed its own fuel cell AIP which it is planning to fit to the current French-designed Kalvari Class (Scorpene type). This is a logical choice for the P75I also, particularly from the perspective of indigenous industry. However the Indian Navy is likely to be very interested in the AIP already available with the designs. Incorporating the local AIP would increase development risks, and close off opportunities to access better AIP systems.

The VLS will be a challenge because all the contenders are relatively small boats. It is unclear how dependent the contract will be on a VLS, or whether alternative missile options will be considered.

1. Barracuda Class Submarine
France's Naval Group is believed to be offering a diesel-electric version of their Barracuda nuclear submarine. The nuclear version is already in service with the French Navy (Marine Nationale) as the Suffren Class. Being from the same lineage as the Kalvari Class currently being built in India, it can be seen as a strong contender.

The diesel-electric version could have some design features from the SMX-3.0 design. This was exhibited at DEFEXPO in India in 2020. This may include the sail-mounted hydroplanes (as opposed to hull mounted on Suffren) and AIP. The French AIP system uses fuel-cells with a diesel reformer to eliminate the need for onboard hydrogen storage. It has been shore tested for years.

Perhaps the largest design advantage of the Barracuda is simply its size. The hull diameter of around 8.5 meters is the largest of the competitors. This should make it comparatively less challenging to fit a VLS, even with the massive Brahmos missile. The related SMX Ocean concept already has a VLS, and the baseline Barracuda class can anyway launch MdCN land-attack cruise missiles.

Other noteworthy features of the French design are likely to include X-form rudders and a pump-jet. This latter feature may also be of interest in India's nuclear submarine projects.

We can speculate that French nuclear submarine technologies and/or access to extra-large uncrewed underwater vehicle (XLUUV) technologies, may also be a factor. Naval Group recently revealed that they have had an XLUUV demonstrator in the water since last year.

2. DSME-3000, South Korea's Missile Submarine
South Korea has recently spread its wings and entered the submarine export game, selling boats to Indonesia. They are understood to be proposing an export version of their home-grown KSS-III design. This is a relatively large non-nuclear boat, likely second only to the Barracuda.

The type comes with German based fuel-cell AIP. The layout, with a hull section essentially dedicated to AIP, suggests that it would not be too challenging to swap it for the Indian alternative.

And South Korea is ahead of most countries in the race to fit lithium-base battery technology to submarines. This promises to extend the endurance of submarines when running on batterie. Naturally this may be attractive to the Indian Navy, even potentially diminishing the importance of AIP.

Its differentiating feature is that it already comes with a six or ten round VLS. In South Korean service this is expected to carry the Hyunmoo 4-4 missile, which is roughly equivalent to India's K-15 Sagarika but without a nuclear option. While exact dimensions and weights are not available, this at least implies that it could accommodate the similarly sized Brahmos.

Carrying a VLS in such a small submarine likely needs some trade-offs, like fewer weapons slots in the regular torpedo room. But overall the South Korean design seems balanced and highly capable.

3. Spain's New Entrant: S-80 Plus
Another new country to submarine exports, Spain's Navantia is offering a variant of their latest S-80 plus design. This is a larger boat than the Scorpene design (per India's Kalvari Class), but smaller than the South Korean or French options.

The AIP is a fuel-cell system with bio-ethanol reformer. So like the French system there is no need for hydrogen storage. Currently Spain's S-80 Plus boats are not running with AIP, but the system is being tested and should go to sea in the next few years.

It is unclear whether Navantia is proposing a VLS. The design was always intended to be compatible with land-attack cruise missiles shot from the torpedo tubes.

4. The Russian Option: Amur
Essentially the export versions of the Lada Class, the Amur family of submarines has been offered for several years. Russia already has strong ties with the Indian Navy and some related Kilo Class submarines are still in their service. The Amur shares some lineage to the Kilo but features a single-hull configuration.

Despite having the smallest hull diameter of the contenders (1.5 meters less than the Barracuda), design models have frequently shown a VLS. This seems to have been for smaller Kalibr sized weapons rather than the Brahmos however.

Another challenge for the Amur designs could be AIP. Russia has yet to develop an AIP system for its Lada Class. Possibly the Indian AIP system is key to the proposal.

Like France, Russia may be seen as having a 'home advantage' because of the strong historic relationship. There have been reports that Russia views this as an opportunity to joint-develop the next generation of non-nuclear submarine. How this sits with other reports of the same thing with China remains unclear.

Bron: https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/10/the-4-submarines-competing-for-the-indian-navys-p-75i-program/

[Harald]

New European Attack Submarine Programs Pushing Limits of Diesel Technology

https://shar.es/aWjXf5

Wel een vrij éénzijdig artikel om alleen de afgeleiden van de Duitse 212 te nemen. Niets over de andere Europese diesel boten van bijvoorbeeld  Spanje, Frankrijk en/of Zweden.
Ruikt een beetje naar een gesponseerd artikel.    

[jurrien visser (JuVi op Twitter)]

New European Attack Submarine Programs Pushing Limits of Diesel Technology

https://shar.es/aWjXf5

[Jellington]

Voor wie tijd over heeft vandaag: een diepgaande achtergrond mbt Shortfin Barracuda, het Australische SEA1000-programma (inclusief interessante vergelijking van aangeboden subs) en de uiteindelijke AUKUS-overeenkomst.

[Harald]

Aanvaring spionage-onderzeeboot Connecticut in Zuid-Chinese Zee: rots of andere onderzeeboot?

De Amerikaanse Seawolfklasse-onderzeeboot USS Connecticut is afgelopen zaterdag in de Zuid-Chinese Zee tegen een "onbekend object" gevaren, zo liet de Amerikaanse marine gisteravond weten. De onderzeeboot vaart beschadigd en met tien lichtgewonden onder de bemanning naar de Amerikaanse marinebasis op Guam. De aanvaring is opvallend vanwege de timing en omdat het een onderzeeboot betreft die doorgaans uiterst geheime operaties uitvoert.

...../.....

https://marineschepen.nl/nieuws/Aanvaring-USS-Connecticut-Zuid-Chinese-Zee-081021.html

[Harald]

Tien gewonden bij aanvaring Amerikaanse onderzeeboot in Zuid-Chinese Zee https://www.nu.nl/buitenland/6161207/tien-gewonden-bij-aanvaring-amerikaanse-onderzeeboot-in-zuid-chinese-zee.html (via @NUnl)

Ooo jee... wat zou dat geweest kunnen zijn ?
Onderzee drone ?

[Harald]

Kongsberg Geospatial and Avalon Holographics to develop holographic sonar display for submarine warfare   (interessant)

Kongsberg Geospatial announced on September 28 that it has partnered with Avalon Holographics to develop a revolutionary holographic sonar display for submarine warfare, in a project funded by the Canadian Department of National Defense IDEaS (Innovation for Defence Excellence and Security) program.



The system has been developed to reduce the cognitive load on passive SONAR analysts by visualizing complex undersea environments on a revolutionary new holographic display.

What currently we think of as "3D displays" are, in fact, actually no more than two-dimensional projections of three-dimensional scenes on a flat monitor. The geometry in the scene is necessarily distorted to create the illusion of looking at a three-dimensional object. In order to understand what you're looking at, you have to manipulate the view to look around the environment. This makes typical 3D displays less than intuitive to work with - the operator often has to manipulate the camera view in 3D to assess the area from multiple angles to truly understand what they're looking at.

This is also limiting for situations in which multiple people are looking at the same display. Ideally, they would each want to control the view independently to make it make sense for themselves. A holographic display would provide a better solution for sharing 3D information, because the view on the data can be individualized, while the image itself remains static. Providing a shared, easily understood visualization of the operational area would enable faster joint decision-making in a Control Centre for tactical, operational analysts and strategic decision-makers.

Avalon Holographics has created just that: a display that uses a complex array of millions of holographic elements or "hogels", to create a true, three-dimensional image that can be clearly seen from different angles – without requiring the use of headsets or goggles. This new display will combine passive SONAR data with three-dimensional bathymetric data to create an accurate sensor picture that can be used to locate and identify possible undersea threats.

Passive sonars are used by naval ships to locate targets around the "ownship", (the platform on which the primary sensor is located), when active SONAR is not viable or tactically desirable.

Tactics using multiple passive SONAR sensors or Target Motion Analysis (TMA) are used to create multiple bearing lines to find the position of the target.

Although two-dimensional map displays can give trained analysts a good understanding on where these bearing lines intersect, three-dimensional displays provide a greater understanding of how detections may be affected by the bathymetric environment. The new holographic SONAR display created by Kongsberg Geospatial and Avalon Holographics is designed to increase underwater situational awareness with respect to target detection: supporting faster and more confident decision making when using passive SONAR systems.

The solution will consist of three components: a SONAR sensor system, a SONAR map rendering system, and the holographic display.

The SONAR sensor system is located on board a surface vessel which could include a towed array, hull mounted SONAR, or sonobuoy receiver. Data from the system is fed to the SONAR map rendering system containing the information required to create the operational images to populate the 3D holographic display.

Kongsberg Geospatial is contributing the SONAR map rendering system – a software system that leverages the company's ISR applications, real-time situational awareness capabilities, and real-time sensor integration technology.

Avalon Holographics will be contributing the holographic display used to visualize the processed data.

"We're excited to be delivering a new and unique user experience on a ground-breaking new display technology for situational awareness", said Ranald McGillis, President, Kongsberg Geospatial. "Our battlespace visualization systems draw on our technical legacy with defense system display projects to create a world leading capability to exploit SONAR data and will help users to more effectively exploit complex sensor data."

"Our ground-breaking holographic display technology applies to a wide range of applications, but the battlespace has always been a primary user focus.", said Russ Baker, Co-founder, Avalon Holographics. "Together, Kongsberg's TerraLens and Avalon's Raydiance Engine are pioneering a new class of holographic situational awareness applications to transform 3D battlespace visualization, GIS and underwater warfare. These bold steps are just one way we're transforming the science-fiction of holographic visual experiences into science fact."

"This partnership with Kongsberg Geospatial illustrates how our extraordinary holographic technology changes the way the world imagines interactive 3D content.", said Russ Baker, Co-founder, Avalon Holographics. "Together, Kongsberg's TerraLens and Avalon's Raydiance Engine are pioneering a new class of holographic situational awareness applications to transform 3D battlespace visualization, GIS and underwater warfare. This bold step is just one way we're breaking beyond the bezel and bringing the science-fiction fantasy of fully immersive holographic visual experiences into stark reality."

The initial phase of the IDEaS project will run until November, during which time Avalon Holographics will be refining the performance of the display device, improving the software tools, and working with Kongsberg on software integration. Kongsberg Geospatial will be developing trials of different use cases for the systems including multi-sensor operations and Target Motion Analysis (TMA). The goal is to proceed to the next phase of the project, which would involve enhancement of Kongsberg's software, a more comprehensive integration with the display, and porting to Avalon's next-generation display technology.

https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/naval-news/naval-news-archive/2021/september/10764-kongsberg-geospatial-and-avalon-holographics-to-develop-holographic-sonar-display-for-submarine-warfare.html

[Harald]

The 5 Main Options For Australia's AUKUS Nuclear Submarine Deal

As Australia looks set to join the elite club of nuclear submarine operators, we explore the options. The U.S. Navy's Virginia Class? The Royal Navy's Astute Class? Or something new? We have identified the 5 most obvious candidates.

..../.....

https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/09/the-5-main-options-for-australias-aukus-nuclear-submarine-deal/?nowprocket=1